What is Android

About Android

Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially and later bought in 2005.

Or,

Android is a software bunch comprising not only operating system but also middleware and key applications. Android Inc was founded in Palo Alto of California, U.S. by Andy Rubin, Rich miner, Nick sears and Chris White in 2003. Later Android Inc. was acquired by Google in 2005. After original release there have been number of updates in the original version of Android.

Everything in the Android development environment, as well as all of the included applications, can

be programmed with a combination of Java and XML thanks to the so-called runtime that is included

with the Android SDK. The runtime translates the Java and XML code that you write into a language

that the operating system and the device understand. Android applications complete access to the features of each consumer electronics device, including the touchscreen, memory, data, security, various network receivers and transmitters, camera, GPS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and more.

Android is a powerful Operating System supporting a large number of applications in Smart Phones.

Android applications are written in java programming language. Android is available as open source for developers to develop applications which can be further used for selling in android market.

In October 2012, there were approximately 700,000 apps available for Android, and the estimated number of applications downloaded from Google Play, Android's primary app store, was 25 billion.A developer survey conducted in April–May 2013 found that Android is the most popular platform for developers, used by 71% of the mobile developer population.

Android's share of the global smartphone market, led by Samsung products, was 64% in March 2013. As of May 2013, 48 billion apps have been installed from the Google Play store, and as of September 3, 2013, 1 billion Android devices have been activated.

Key features of Android:

• Storage
• Connectivity
• Messaging
• Multiple language support
• Web browser
• Media support
• Video calling
• Bluetooth
• Multitasking
• Screen capture
• External storage etc. 

Basics of Android application:

•      Android applications are composed of one or more application components (activities, services, content providers, and broadcast receivers)

•      Each component performs a different role in the overall application behavior, and each one can be activated individually (even by other applications)

•      The manifest file must declare all components in the application and should also declare all application requirements, such as the minimum version of Android required and any hardware configurations required

•      Non-code application resources (images, strings, layout files, etc.) should include alternatives for different device configurations (such as different strings for different languages)

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